Roth IRA Calculator: Growth, 2026 Limits and Income Phase-Out

See what yearly Roth IRA contributions could grow to by retirement, the 2026 contribution limit for your age, and how much you can put in at your income

Enter your age, the age you plan to retire, what's in your Roth IRA now, what you plan to add each year and the return you want to assume. The calculator applies the 2026 limits — $7,500 a year, $8,600 from age 50 — and reduces the contribution if your income is in the Roth phase-out range. It shows the balance at retirement, how much of it you put in and how much is growth. Returns are an assumption, not a forecast: markets rise and fall, and the balance can be lower.

2026 Roth IRA limits

For 2026 the IRS limit on IRA contributions is $7,500, plus a $1,100 catch-up if you are 50 or older, across all your Traditional and Roth IRAs combined, and never more than your taxable compensation for the year. Roth contributions phase out with modified adjusted gross income (MAGI): between $153,000 and $168,000 for single filers and heads of household, and between $242,000 and $252,000 for married couples filing jointly ($0–$10,000 if married filing separately). Inside the range the limit shrinks in a straight line: limit × (1 − (MAGI − lower bound) ÷ range), rounded up to the next $10, with a $200 minimum (IRS Publication 590-A, Worksheet 2-2). A single filer aged 30 with a MAGI of $160,000 can contribute $4,000.

The growth formula

The calculator assumes you contribute at the start of each year and earn the same return every year: balance = starting balance × (1 + r)^n + contribution × ((1 + r)^n − 1) ÷ r × (1 + r), where r is the yearly return and n the number of years. One year of $7,500 at 7% ends at $8,025. Qualified withdrawals — after age 59½ and at least five years after your first Roth contribution — are tax-free under IRS Publication 590-B, so the whole balance is yours to spend; contributions themselves can come out at any time.

A worked example

Starting at 30 with nothing saved and adding $7,500 every year until 65 — 35 contributions — you put in $262,500. At an assumed 7% a year the balance would reach $1,109,351, of which $846,851 is growth. Starting earlier matters more than any other input, because each dollar has longer to compound:

$7,500 a year until 65 at an assumed 7% return, by starting age (limits held at 2026 levels)
Start ageYearsYou contributeBalance at 65
2540$300,000$1,602,072
3035$262,500$1,109,351
3530$225,000$758,048
4025$187,500$507,574
4520$150,000$328,989
5015$112,500$201,660

What the calculator leaves out

Limits rise with inflation most years, so you may be able to contribute more later. Fees reduce returns: subtract a fund's expense ratio from the return you enter. Early withdrawals of earnings can be taxed and penalised. If your income is above the phase-out, a Roth may still be reachable through other routes that have their own tax rules; check IRS Publication 590-A or a tax professional first. This is an illustration, not investment advice.

Frequently asked questions

How much can I put in a Roth IRA in 2026?

$7,500, or $8,600 if you are 50 or older, as long as you have at least that much earned income and your MAGI is below $153,000 (single) or $242,000 (married filing jointly). Between those amounts and $168,000 / $252,000 the limit is reduced; above them it is zero.

How much will my Roth IRA be worth when I retire?

It depends on how much you add, for how long, and the return. At an assumed 7% a year, $7,500 a year from age 30 to 65 would grow to about $1,109,351. The same contributions from age 40 would reach $507,574. Actual returns vary from year to year and can be negative.

Is Roth IRA growth really tax-free?

Qualified distributions are tax-free under IRS Publication 590-B: generally after age 59½ and once five years have passed since your first Roth IRA contribution. You can take out your own contributions at any time without tax or penalty; earnings taken out early can be taxed and penalised.

How is the reduced Roth contribution calculated?

Limit × (1 − (MAGI − start of the phase-out) ÷ width of the phase-out), rounded up to the next $10 (IRS Publication 590-A). For a single filer under 50 with a $160,000 MAGI: $7,500 × (1 − 7,000 ÷ 15,000) = $4,000.

Should I choose a Roth or a Traditional IRA?

A Roth tends to come out ahead if your tax rate in retirement will be higher than today; a deductible Traditional IRA if it will be lower. The Traditional vs Roth IRA calculator compares the two after tax.

Official sources

Tax rules, limits and pay data change. Check the current figures with the primary source before acting on them.

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